World Education Connect Multidisciplinary e-Publication, Vol. VI, Issue V (May 2026), pp. 461-466
By Aliana F. Mesa
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections remain a serious patient-safety concern, particularly in hospitals where policies exist but daily implementation is affected by staffing, resources, surveillance, and workplace routines. This study evaluated the effectiveness of infection prevention and control practices at Caloocan City North Medical Center using the Donabedian Structure-Process-Outcome framework. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed among 70 healthcare workers from the intensive care unit, medical ward, and surgical ward. Data were gathered through structured knowledge assessment, attitude scale, observational compliance checklist, and organizational structural assessment. Findings showed moderate infection prevention knowledge, generally positive attitudes, and moderate observed compliance. The overall knowledge score was 71.6%, with hand hygiene receiving the highest score and surveillance and reporting receiving the lowest. Attitude toward infection prevention was favorable at 78.2%, although concerns remained regarding resource sufficiency. Observed compliance averaged 73.1%, with environmental cleaning showing the highest compliance and isolation precautions showing the lowest. Structural support was generally adequate at 70.6%, with leadership support as the strongest area and surveillance systems as the weakest. Moderate positive relationships were found among knowledge, attitudes, practices, and professional experience. The findings suggest that infection prevention improvement should not focus only on individual motivation but must also strengthen surveillance, supplies, mentoring, and role-based training. A structured infection prevention enhancement program is recommended to improve staff competency, support consistent practice, and strengthen institutional safety culture.
Keywords: infection prevention, healthcare-associated infections, compliance, surveillance, patient safety
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