Abstract
The integration of e-learning resources has become more important and significant to improve teaching and learning in the primary school level. The main focus of this study was the utilisation of e-learning resources and the observed learning outcomes of Araling Panlipunan 4 students in Timoteo Paez Elementary School. Specifically, it identified the e-learning resources that were used by teachers, explored how the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework was applied in teaching and learning, examined and analysed learning outcomes of the pupils, and developed a teacher training programme based on the results of this study.
120 Grade 4 students and five Araling Panlipunan teachers were used for this explanatory sequential mixed methods design. The quantitative data were collected using a researcher-made survey questionnaire and pre-test-post-test achievement test and the qualitative data were obtained by using semi-structured interviews. The results showed that teachers frequently used the following technology tools in the teaching of Araling Panlipunan 4: Google Drive, Google, YouTube, Quizizz, PowerPoint Templates, and Zoom. Teachers also showed positive attitudes towards integrating e-learning resources into the TPACK. The results further indicated improvements in pupils’ learning outcomes following the utilisation of e-learning resources. Qualitative results indicated that the use of multimedia, learner engagement, feedback and interactive learning had a significant role in achieving meaningful learning. But there were problems of reinforcement, guiding teaching and different learner needs were also found.
An AP-TECH: Advancing Araling Panlipunan through Technology Teacher Training Programme was developed based on the findings, to enhance teachers' competencies in integrating e-learning resources, and to support effective and sustainable technology integration in Araling Panlipunan instruction.
Keywords: e-learning resources, TPACK framework, Araling Panlipunan 4, learning outcomes, teacher training programme
https://zenodo.org/records/21280138
