World Education Connect Multidisciplinary e-Publication, Vol. VI, Issue IX (September 2026), pp.325-330
JUNE F. PUNO
Teacher-in-Charge/ Santor National High School
Teacher-in-Charge/ Santor National High School
Abstract
This study evaluated the administrative leadership and supervisory practices of public elementary school heads in Rizal District, Division of Kalinga, Philippines, to formulate empirical inputs for policy enhancement and continuous training development. Utilizing a quantitative-qualitative descriptive design, data were gathered from a total census of 20 school heads, comprising 14 elementary school principals and 6 head teachers. Data collection involved a structured Likert-scale questionnaire, unstructured validation interviews, and documentary analysis of performance records. Statistical analyses included percentage distributions, weighted means, and independent samples t-tests. Findings revealed that school heads exhibited high competence, achieving overall "Very Proficient" ratings in administrative leadership (principals grand WAM = 4.29; head teachers grand WAM = 4.26) and supervisory practices (principals grand WAM = 4.31; head teachers grand WAM = 4.26). Planning and pupil development were the strongest domains. Conversely, action research and record management received lower proficiency scores. Furthermore, operational challenges ("angsts") were identified, notably infrastructure shortages, ICT device deficits, high administrative reporting workloads, student absenteeism, and malnutrition. Hypotheses testing confirmed no significant perceptual differences between principals and head teachers across demographic variables. These empirical insights emphasize decentralizing administrative burdens, upgrading rural infrastructure, and enhancing research-focused professional development.
Keywords
Administrative leadership; Supervisory practices; School heads; Policy development.
The World Education Connect Multidisciplinary e-Publication is a reputable, refereed, and peer-reviewed international journal. It is dedicated to fostering academic excellence and promoting interdisciplinary research across diverse fields. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including education, psychology, science, technology, social sciences, humanities, and more, providing a platform for scholars and researchers to share their knowledge and insights.
In addition, the publication places a special emphasis on the promotion and development of the Filipino language, contributing to its growth and recognition in the global academic community.
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